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To improve the target of transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization

01 September 2011

To improve the target of transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization


Ratto C, Parello A.

Tech Coloproctol. 2011 Sep;15(3):357. Epub 2011 Apr 20

We read with interest the paper by Toh et al. [1]. This study was carried out with the critical attitude of those who want to improve a surgical treatment that is very effective but can still be improved. Our comments about the study results concern the "functional anatomy" of the lower rectum. Actually, in addition to the exact number of terminal branches of the higher rectal arteries, a fundamental factor in this surgical approach is the correct understanding of the topography of these branches and their relationship with the rectal wall. Hemorrhoidal dearterialization with transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD) ensures an excellent control of rectal bleeding, and in most cases, the resolution of prolapse thanks to a "tailored mucopexy". The complex vascular network of the "corpus cavernosum recti" is the key to perfecting this therapeutic approach. According to our experience, there are always more than three (usually six) terminal branches of hemorrhoidal arteries to be ligated [2]. The target of therapy should be the point at which the arteries enter the submucosa of the low rectum, just before supplying blood to the "corpus cavernosum recti" [3]. In this way, an extraparietal arterial ligation can be avoided, and action can be taken right where the arterial hyperflow could have the greatest effect on the hemorrhoids. Use of Doppler-guided THD allows a detailed identification of the arteries and a rigorous and effective ligation of them. Moreover, the surgeon avoids taking big bites when suturing and making a "blind dearterialization" that would be at greater risk of bleeding and might partially alter both the anatomy and dynamics of the rectal wall, thus affecting rectal compliance and causing postoperative functional disturbances.

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